AI Agent Research Papers and Surveys

Clear reviews of the research shaping AI agents—from reasoning and tool use to self-evolution, evaluation, and safety.

18 agent research digests.

Featured survey8 papers31 min read A survey of 8 self-evolving agent systems How self-improving AI agents change models, harnesses, and artifacts — with a side-by-side comparison table, CSV, and BibTeX. Read the survey Figures from A survey of 8 self-evolving agent systems
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Figures from Self-Evolving Agents: Survey, Taxonomy, and How Self-Improving AI Agents Work
agentsself-evolution

Self-Evolving Agents: Survey, Taxonomy, and How Self-Improving AI Agents Work

A self-evolving agents survey and taxonomy: how self-improving AI agents update memory, tools, workflows, and weights, with pap...

31 min read
Figures from When AI Agents Get Internal Access: The Security Boundary Has Changed
agent-securityMCP

When AI Agents Get Internal Access: The Security Boundary Has Changed

How autonomous agents turn familiar security weaknesses into multi-stage intrusions—and why identity, least privilege, isolatio...

24 min read
Figures from Coding Agents Enter the FinOps Era: Cost per Successful Task
coding-agentsFinOps

Coding Agents Enter the FinOps Era: Cost per Successful Task

Why coding-agent economics depend on cost per successful task, model routing, deterministic verification, two-tier budgets, and...

26 min read
Figures from Stateless MCP and the Rise of the Agent Gateway
MCPagent-infrastructure

Stateless MCP and the Rise of the Agent Gateway

What MCP 2026-07-28 changes: stateless requests, gateway-centered authorization, per-request versioning, observability, and saf...

23 min read
Figures from Measuring Reward-Seeking in RL-Trained Models
alignmentreinforcement-learning

Measuring Reward-Seeking in RL-Trained Models

How Contrastive SDF tests whether RL-trained models follow user intent or inferred grader preferences, with evidence from o3 tr...

11 min read
Figures from Stateful Long-Horizon Agents: 10 Key Papers
agentsmemory

Stateful Long-Horizon Agents: 10 Key Papers

A review of 10 recent papers on stateful long-horizon agents, covering memory operations, execution continuity, verified recove...

13 min read
Figures from HarnessDev Benchmark: Can LLMs Improve Their Harnesses?
agent-infrastructureevaluation

HarnessDev Benchmark: Can LLMs Improve Their Harnesses?

How HarnessDev tests LLM-built agent harnesses: creation results, executor transfer, held-out evolution gains, and the cost of ...

13 min read
Figures from Pi Harness v2: Crash Recovery and Tool Replay
pi-agentcoding-agents

Pi Harness v2: Crash Recovery and Tool Replay

How Pi Agent Harness v2 handles crash recovery, durable operations, safe tool replay, staged results, and the limits of exactly...

17 min read
Figures from How DeepSeek Harness PTC Mode Actually Works
deepseek-harnesscoding-agents

How DeepSeek Harness PTC Mode Actually Works

DeepSeek Harness PTC Mode explained from source: how the generated Code Mode SDK and run_code execute multi-tool programs, plus...

15 min read
Figures from DeepSeek Harness Modes Explained
deepseek-harnesscoding-agents

DeepSeek Harness Modes Explained

Compare DeepSeek Harness Standard, PTC, Minimal, and Creator modes by tools, execution model, security boundary, and best use c...

13 min read
Figures from DeepSeek Harness Creator Mode: How It Works and Its Risks
deepseek-harnessagent-infrastructure

DeepSeek Harness Creator Mode: How It Works and Its Risks

DeepSeek Harness Creator Mode explained from source: runtime inspection, dynamic plugins, custom agent presets, process lifetim...

15 min read
Figures from DeepSeek Harness vs Pi Agent: Plugin Runtime or Minimal Coding Harness?
deepseek-harnesscoding-agents

DeepSeek Harness vs Pi Agent: Plugin Runtime or Minimal Coding Harness?

DeepSeek Harness and Pi Agent compared across architecture, extensions, MCP, sandboxing, sessions, deployment, and best-fit eng...

12 min read
Figures from DeepSeek Harness Architecture: How It Works and Whether to Adopt It
deepseek-harnessagent-infrastructure

DeepSeek Harness Architecture: How It Works and Whether to Adopt It

How DeepSeek Harness uses Cordis plugins for models, tools, sessions, approvals, and sandboxes—and what its developer-preview s...

11 min read
Figures from Cordis Spatiotemporal Composability: Revertible Effects, Reactive Coeffects, and Fibers
cordisagent-infrastructure

Cordis Spatiotemporal Composability: Revertible Effects, Reactive Coeffects, and Fibers

A practical explanation of Cordis temporal and spatial composability, including revertible effects, reactive coeffects, Fiber l...

12 min read
Figures from Real-Time Voice Agents Are Distributed Systems
agent-infrastructurefrontier-research

Real-Time Voice Agents Are Distributed Systems

Why production voice agents are distributed systems: media transport, full-duplex inference, state handoffs, capacity, and audi...

24 min read
Figures from Agents Enter the Physical World: From VLA Policies to World Action Models
agent-infrastructurefrontier-research

Agents Enter the Physical World: From VLA Policies to World Action Models

Why physical agents need world action models alongside vision-language-action policies—and what current robotics results do and...

21 min read
Figures from The Model Gateway Is Becoming the Control Plane for Enterprise AI
agent-infrastructurefrontier-research

The Model Gateway Is Becoming the Control Plane for Enterprise AI

Why model gateways are becoming the enterprise control plane for AI routing, budgets, quality, policy, and audit.

23 min read
Figures from The Agent Framework Is Not the Runtime: Why Harnesses Are Taking Over Production
agent-infrastructurefrontier-research

The Agent Framework Is Not the Runtime: Why Harnesses Are Taking Over Production

Why production agent systems separate framework APIs from a harness that owns state, tool boundaries, control loops, and observ...

22 min read
Figures from Self-Evolving Agents: Survey, Taxonomy, and How Self-Improving AI Agents Work

Self-Evolving Agents: Survey, Taxonomy, and How Self-Improving AI Agents Work

A self-evolving agents survey and taxonomy: how self-improving AI agents update memory, tools, workflows, and weights, with papers and a build guide.

agentsself-evolution31 min read
Figures from When AI Agents Get Internal Access: The Security Boundary Has Changed

When AI Agents Get Internal Access: The Security Boundary Has Changed

How autonomous agents turn familiar security weaknesses into multi-stage intrusions—and why identity, least privilege, isolation, and behavioral monitoring n...

agent-securityMCP24 min read
Figures from Coding Agents Enter the FinOps Era: Cost per Successful Task

Coding Agents Enter the FinOps Era: Cost per Successful Task

Why coding-agent economics depend on cost per successful task, model routing, deterministic verification, two-tier budgets, and unified traces.

coding-agentsFinOps26 min read
Figures from Stateless MCP and the Rise of the Agent Gateway

Stateless MCP and the Rise of the Agent Gateway

What MCP 2026-07-28 changes: stateless requests, gateway-centered authorization, per-request versioning, observability, and safer enterprise deployment.

MCPagent-infrastructure23 min read
Figures from Measuring Reward-Seeking in RL-Trained Models

Measuring Reward-Seeking in RL-Trained Models

How Contrastive SDF tests whether RL-trained models follow user intent or inferred grader preferences, with evidence from o3 training checkpoints.

alignmentreinforcement-learning11 min read
Figures from Stateful Long-Horizon Agents: 10 Key Papers

Stateful Long-Horizon Agents: 10 Key Papers

A review of 10 recent papers on stateful long-horizon agents, covering memory operations, execution continuity, verified recovery, and delayed actions.

agentsmemory13 min read
Figures from HarnessDev Benchmark: Can LLMs Improve Their Harnesses?

HarnessDev Benchmark: Can LLMs Improve Their Harnesses?

How HarnessDev tests LLM-built agent harnesses: creation results, executor transfer, held-out evolution gains, and the cost of running the generated systems.

agent-infrastructureevaluation13 min read
Figures from Pi Harness v2: Crash Recovery and Tool Replay

Pi Harness v2: Crash Recovery and Tool Replay

How Pi Agent Harness v2 handles crash recovery, durable operations, safe tool replay, staged results, and the limits of exactly-once execution.

pi-agentcoding-agents17 min read
Figures from How DeepSeek Harness PTC Mode Actually Works

How DeepSeek Harness PTC Mode Actually Works

DeepSeek Harness PTC Mode explained from source: how the generated Code Mode SDK and run_code execute multi-tool programs, plus token and safety limits.

deepseek-harnesscoding-agents15 min read
Figures from DeepSeek Harness Modes Explained

DeepSeek Harness Modes Explained

Compare DeepSeek Harness Standard, PTC, Minimal, and Creator modes by tools, execution model, security boundary, and best use case.

deepseek-harnesscoding-agents13 min read
Figures from DeepSeek Harness Creator Mode: How It Works and Its Risks

DeepSeek Harness Creator Mode: How It Works and Its Risks

DeepSeek Harness Creator Mode explained from source: runtime inspection, dynamic plugins, custom agent presets, process lifetime, and shell-level risks.

deepseek-harnessagent-infrastructure15 min read
Figures from DeepSeek Harness vs Pi Agent: Plugin Runtime or Minimal Coding Harness?

DeepSeek Harness vs Pi Agent: Plugin Runtime or Minimal Coding Harness?

DeepSeek Harness and Pi Agent compared across architecture, extensions, MCP, sandboxing, sessions, deployment, and best-fit engineering workflows.

deepseek-harnesscoding-agents12 min read
Figures from DeepSeek Harness Architecture: How It Works and Whether to Adopt It

DeepSeek Harness Architecture: How It Works and Whether to Adopt It

How DeepSeek Harness uses Cordis plugins for models, tools, sessions, approvals, and sandboxes—and what its developer-preview status means for adoption.

deepseek-harnessagent-infrastructure11 min read
Figures from Cordis Spatiotemporal Composability: Revertible Effects, Reactive Coeffects, and Fibers

Cordis Spatiotemporal Composability: Revertible Effects, Reactive Coeffects, and Fibers

A practical explanation of Cordis temporal and spatial composability, including revertible effects, reactive coeffects, Fiber lifecycles, and system limits.

cordisagent-infrastructure12 min read
Figures from Real-Time Voice Agents Are Distributed Systems

Real-Time Voice Agents Are Distributed Systems

Why production voice agents are distributed systems: media transport, full-duplex inference, state handoffs, capacity, and audio-aware evaluation.

agent-infrastructurefrontier-research24 min read
Figures from Agents Enter the Physical World: From VLA Policies to World Action Models

Agents Enter the Physical World: From VLA Policies to World Action Models

Why physical agents need world action models alongside vision-language-action policies—and what current robotics results do and do not show.

agent-infrastructurefrontier-research21 min read
Figures from The Model Gateway Is Becoming the Control Plane for Enterprise AI

The Model Gateway Is Becoming the Control Plane for Enterprise AI

Why model gateways are becoming the enterprise control plane for AI routing, budgets, quality, policy, and audit.

agent-infrastructurefrontier-research23 min read
Figures from The Agent Framework Is Not the Runtime: Why Harnesses Are Taking Over Production

The Agent Framework Is Not the Runtime: Why Harnesses Are Taking Over Production

Why production agent systems separate framework APIs from a harness that owns state, tool boundaries, control loops, and observability.

agent-infrastructurefrontier-research22 min read